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Atelidae - Black Howler
Topic Started: Jan 4 2015, 05:00 PM (1,573 Views)
Pompaniddo
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Black Howler ~ Alouatta caraya

Posted Image

General Information

Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Atelidae
Genus: Alouatta
Species: A. caraya

Location and Habitat

The Black Howler lives in Tropical Rainforests from Northeastern Argentina, through Bolivia and Paraguay to
Central Brazil

Conservation Status
Posted Image

Sizes
WeightMale - ~6.7~ kg, Female - ~4.5~ kg
Length (average)56 to 92 cm (Both Genders), Tail - 57 to 91 cm (Both Genders)
Height (average)~30-50~ cm (Both Genders)


In Zoos

Type of Exhibit: If making an outdoor exhibit, it should be surrounded with moat (Make sure it is wide wnough but not too deep). Low rock patches would be great addition, with enrichment facilities like ropes, hammocks, logs Etc. The Foliage should consist Tropical ferns, Palm trees and a medium (1-3) Tropical tree like Kapok tree or any similar tree. Try having several hiding spots/shelters troughtout the exhibit, or a high sleeping box. Also, growgrass rather than dirt in the exhibit. If making an indoor exhibit, contain many enrichment facilities, and create a rocky background/ceiling (other than that, everything that applies for an outdoor exhibit, applies for indoor as well).

Temperament: Normally, they would avoid any contact/encounter with humans, but one should be careful with Howler monkeys, since they have powerful jaws and big teeth. Since they spent most of their times on tree-tops, it is difficult to encounter them on the wild.

Diet: Black Howlers are the only New-World monkeys to be folivores, meaning they are herbivores that specializes in eating leaves. However, they also eat fruits, flowers and nuts. Sometimes, they raid bird nests.
In Zoos, they should be fed with meals consisting Leaves, Fruits and Vegetables.

Social Needs: Black Howlers are terrestrial, meaning they spent most of their day on trees and the Rainforest's canopy. They live in groups of 7 to 9 individuals, but groups can also have 19 individuals (In zoos,
there should be no more than 4-6 individuals). The Black Howlers, like all the other Howler species, are known for their calling, being one of the loudest in the animal kingdom and reaching up to 4.8 km. The calling is used mostly by males to mark territories and stand gaurd against other males. However, the monkey's sound is a roar rather than a howl.

Reproduction: There is no specific mating seasons of Black howler, since it mostly depends on the enviroemtn condtitions. Pregnancy lasts roughly six months and one offspring is born, which is carried underneath the mother. The young are weaned at around 1.5 years of age and lives around 20 years of age. When born the offspring will have blonde body color (if the offspring will be male, he will receive black colour, while females will retain the blonde colour).

Extra Information:
  • When feels threatened, the Black howler would throw its own droppings towards the threat in attempt
    to expel it.
  • one of the only animal capable of making a louder sound than the Black Howler is the Lion.
  • Black Howlers are sometimes used as pets in several South American countries (Such as
    Argentina).
  • In the Mayan culture, Black Howlers were the divine patrons of the artisans, especially scribes and sculptors. They were even seen as Gods in some tribes.


**Black Howler itself is a subspecies of the Howler Monkeys, one of 19 species.**

Exhibit Examples


Extra Pictures


References
Edited by Furka, Jan 5 2015, 08:12 AM.
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